Early Civilizations

1. Arrival of first peoples
1. Bering Strait
1. primitive (wild fruit, fishing, small game)
2. big game hunters
2. roots of civilization
1. Diffusionists
2. Evolutionists/isolationists
3. Thor Heyerdahl
2. 4 centers of pop:
1. Nuclear America
1. Mesoamerica (Mexico & Guatemala: Maya & Aztec)
2. Andean Region (Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador: Inkas, etc.
2. River basins
1. Amazon Basin
2. Mississippi Valley (Cahokia mounds)
3. Development of Civilizations
1. Define civilization
2. Improvements in agricultural system
3. Shift from theocratic to militaristic society
4. Stages of Development
   1. Paleo-Indians (till 7000 BCE)
   2. Archaic (7000-1500 BCE)
   3. Formative or Preclassic period (1500-0 BCE)
   4. Classic period (0 to 1000 CE)
   5. Postclassic (1000 to 1500 CE)