Psychology 418 (Theories of Learning) Fall, 2002

 

Dr. J. Scott Jordan

Office: DeGarmo 430

Telephone: 438-5851

e-mail: jsjorda@ilstu.edu

Office Hours: M, W, F 11:00-12:00 or by appointment

 

Purpose of the Course

 

The purpose of the course is to introduce the student to the science of learning and the basic theoretical assumptions underlying the practice of such science. I have approached the topic from many different levels of scale (e.g., biological, behavioral, perceptual). This is meant to reflect both the diverse constellation of student interests, as well as a personal belief that the factors critical to learning depend somewhat upon the level of scale at which learning is taking place. Over the course of the semester the student will attempt to integrate the findings from these various areas of research in order to incorporate them into his/her own working definition of learning.

 

Course Grade

 

The grade for the course will be determined on the basis of 2 exams, a group presentation, 2 paper reviews, and a term paper. Points for these items will be allocated as follows:

 

Item             Points

Exam #1          100

Exam #2          100

Reviews            50     

Term Paper     100

 

Total               350

 

The final grade will be based on a 90, 80, 70, 60 percent scale. This scale will not be altered.

 

Exams

 

Exams will be given in essay format. Students will be given potential questions the week before the exam, and will write their answers in class the day of the exam. The grade will be based upon the coherency and the thoroughness of the answers. Make-up exams are only possible if the student contacts me via phone or e-mail BEFORE the exam, and the reason for re-scheduling deemed appropriate.

 

Term Paper

 

Students will write a research proposal regarding learning. Specifically, they will select an area of psychology, and then propose an experiment intended to investigate learning within that area. Three copies of a first draft will be due on Thursday, November 7, 2002. The instructor will keep one copy. The other two will be distributed to students for review. The draft paper should be typed, double-spaced, written in APA format (5th edition) and entail a title page, abstract, body of text, and reference section. The body of text should be no less than 10 pages. A minimum of 5 sources should be cited and referenced, and at least 3 of these should be research articles that were published within the last 5 years. These are minimum requirements. Each student will receive 2 papers to review. The format of the reviews will be discussed in class. Reviews will be due at the beginning of class on November 21, 2002. Final papers will be due on December 12, 2002.

 

Reading List and Semester Schedule

 

Scanned versions of the following articles can be found on the Milner Library web page:

http://www.mlb.ilstu.edu  Items marked with an asterisk will be on regular reserve.

 

Topic 1: Science and Systems that Learn (August 22 & 29)

 

Manicas, P. T., & Secord, P. F. (1983). Implications for psychology of the new philosophy of science. American Psychologist, 38, 399-413.

 

Kauffman, S. (1995). We the expected. In S. Kauffman (Ed.), At home in the universe (pp. 47-69). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Vandervert, L. R. (1999). Maximizing consciousness across the disciplines: Mechanisms of information growth in general education. In J. S. Jordan (Ed.), Modeling consciousness across the disciplines (pp. 3-25). Lanham, MD: University Press of America.

 

Topic 2: Biological learning (September 5 & 12)

 

Kandel, E. R. (1985). Cellular mechanisms of learning and the biological basis of individuality. In E. Kandell and J. Schwartz (Eds.). Principles of neuroscience (pp. 816-833). North-Holland: Elsevier.

 

Rosenzweig, M., Bennett, E. L., & Diamond, M. C. (1972). Brain changes in response to experience. Scientific American, 226, 22-29.

 

Topic 3: Behavioral learning (September 19, 26 & October 3)

 

Skinner, B. F. (1956). A case history in scientific method. American Psychologist, 11, 221-233.

 

Tolman, E. C. (1948). Cognitive maps in rats and men. Psychological Review, 55, 189-208.

 

*Dewey, J. (1896). The reflex arc concept in psychology. Psychological Review, 3, 357-370. http://www.ilstu.edu/~jsjorda/DEWEY_03.HTML

 

*Hershberger, W. A. (1989). The synergy of voluntary and involuntary action. In W. A. Hershberger (Ed.), Volitional action: Conation and control (pp. 3-20). North-Holland: Elsevier.

 

*Clark, A. (2000). Perception, action, and the brain. In A. Clark (Ed.), Mindware (pp. 84-102). Oxford: Oxford University Press.

 

Vetter, G., Stadler, M., & Haynes, J. D. (1997). Phase transitions in learning. The Journal of Mind and Behavior, 18(2), 335-350.

 

Exam 1 (October 10)

 

Topic 4: Perceptual learning (October 17 & 24)

 

*Sekuler, R., & Blake, R. (2002). Learning to see. In R. Sekuler and R. Blake (Eds.) Perception (pp. 228-250).  Boston: McGraw Hill.

 

*Koch, I. (in press). Automatic and intentional activation of task sets. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, & Cognition.

 

*Cooney, J. B. (1999). Stability and instability in the dynamics of perceptual learning. In J. S. Jordan (Ed.), Systems theories and a priori aspects of perception (pp. 337-357). North Holland: Elsevier

 

*Jordan, J. S. (1998). Recasting Dewey’s critique of the reflex-arc concept via a theory of anticipatory consciousness: Implications for theories of perception. New Ideas in Psychology, 16(3), 165-187.

 

Topic 5: Cognitive learning (October 31 & November 7)

 

Mander, J. (1992). How to build a baby: II. Conceptual primitives. Psychological Review, 99, 587-604.

 

Smith, L. B., Sera, M., and Gattuso, B. (1988). The development of thinking. In R. Sternberg and E. E. Smith (Eds.), The psychology of human thought (pp. 366-391). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

Thelen, E., Schoner, G., Scheier, C. & Smith, L. (in press). The dynamics of embodiment: A field theory of infant perseverative reaching. Behavioral and Brain Sciences. (http://www.bbsonline.org/Preprints/OldArchive)

 

Topic 6: Social learning (November 14 & December 5)

 

Premack, D., & Woodruff, G. (1978). Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1(4), 515-526.

 

*Barresi, J., & Moore, C. (1996) Intentional relations and social understanding. The Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 19(1), 107-122.

 

Knoblich, G., & Jordan, J. S. (in press). The mirror system and joint action In M. Stamenov & V. Gallese (Eds.) Mirror neurons and the evolution of brain and language (pp. 115-124). Amsterdam: John Benjamin.

 

Barone, D., Maddux, J., & Snyder, C. R. (1997). The social gestalt and the social learning traditions. In D. Barone, J. Maddux, and C. R. Snyder (Eds.), Social cognitive psychology: History and current domains (pp. 27-57). New York: Plenum Press.

 

Final Exam (December 12)

 

 

Types of activities & guidelines:

 

Participation: 

 

Success in this course relies upon the students' consistent attendance and active participation, both in and outside of the classroom.  Students are expected to attend class regularly; there is no practical way to make up for missed class discussions, group work, and in-class activities. Coming to class unprepared, however, seriously detracts from the group effort expected in class. Accordingly, mere attendance in class is not enough. 

 

Students are expected to prepare for class by completing the assignments/readings ahead of time. Active participation includes informed and constructive contributions to classroom discussions active listening, taking notes, and so forth.

 

Academic Integrity:

 

Academic dishonesty, when discovered, will result in severe consequences with regard to your overall grade in this course.  Cheating and plagiarism will not be tolerated. The Modern Language Association (MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers) defines plagiarism as follows:

 

repeating another's sentences as your own,

adopting a particularly apt phrase as your own,

paraphrasing someone else's argument as your own,

presenting someone else's line of thinking in the development

of a thesis as though it were your own

 

Any matters regarding academic integrity will be handled according to University Policy.

 

Disability Concerns:

 

If you need a special accommodation to fully participate in this class, please contact Disability Concerns at 438-5853 (voice), 438-8620 (TDD).